The new submarine differs notably from China's recently unveiled Type-041 nuclear-battery submarine launched at Wuchang Shipyard near Wuhan. This latest vessel appears smaller, with a different propulsion system, likely non-nuclear, and is designed for distinct operational roles. It also contrasts with the 'Olympic' submarine revealed in 2022, indicating a unique platform rather than an evolution of existing designs.
Preliminary estimates suggest the submarine measures approximately 45 meters in length and 5 meters in width. The absence of a sail, a feature typically used to house periscopes and communication masts, suggests advanced design priorities focusing on hydrodynamic efficiency. While China launched an experimental sailless submarine in 2019, that model lacked essential combat features like torpedo tubes and sonar. This new vessel, however, seems purpose-built rather than experimental.
The presence of large X-form rudders at the stern is another notable design choice, increasingly common in modern submarines due to their maneuverability advantages. This feature, however, marks a first for Chinese submarines, signaling China's adoption of global design trends.
Speculation surrounds whether the new submarine is an extra-large uncrewed underwater vehicle (XLUUV). Its sailless design aligns with typical uncrewed platforms, eliminating the need for crew access structures. If confirmed, it would be the largest XLUUV globally, significantly larger than the U.S. Navy's Orca XLUUV. However, its size raises questions, as uncrewed submarines generally don't require such dimensions.
Given its apparent torpedo tubes and possible towed sonar array, the submarine might be designed for anti-ship or anti-submarine warfare. Alternatively, it could serve specialized roles, such as special forces operations or seabed warfare. While its exact purpose remains uncertain, the submarine's unveiling adds another layer of complexity to the evolving dynamics of naval power in the Indo-Pacific region.