Australia has selected Japan’s Mogami-class frigates as part of a major naval acquisition program, marking the largest defense export deal in Japan’s history and deepening defense ties between the two countries.
The Australian government announced on Tuesday that it will procure 11 frigates based on an upgraded design of the Mogami class, developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI). The decision follows a competitive process under Australia’s A$10 billion Project Sea 3000.
According to Australian Defence Minister Richard Marles, the Japanese proposal was found to best meet operational and strategic needs, offering a timely delivery and alignment with Australia’s long-term maritime objectives.
Japan’s Defense Minister Gen Nakatani described the outcome as a step forward in bilateral security cooperation, noting that interoperability and shared industrial goals were key considerations in the selection process. The decision comes amid increased coordination between Canberra and Tokyo on regional security matters, although officials stated that the choice was not driven by concerns over China.
MHI’s offer prevailed over Germany’s Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, which had proposed its Meko A-200 design. The Japanese shipbuilder’s track record of constructing 12 Mogami-class frigates and its ability to scale production were cited as decisive factors.
Under the procurement plan, the first three vessels will be built in Japan and delivered between 2029 and 2034. Production of the remaining eight ships will shift to Western Australia, with domestic construction managed by Austal at its Henderson shipyard.
Australia's Defence Industry Minister Pat Conroy confirmed that Japan has allocated production capacity for the initial vessels, and formal contracts with MHI and the Japanese government are expected to be finalized in early 2026.
The deal is expected to strengthen industrial cooperation between the two countries, with future discussions to address logistics, maintenance, and potential technology transfers to support local manufacturing.
Japan’s government and defense sector have jointly promoted the frigate through a dedicated public-private committee. Officials say lessons learned from previous unsuccessful bids—such as Japan’s 2016 submarine proposal to Australia—have informed their approach this time.
Tokyo eased arms export restrictions for this project, allowing for joint production and development. The Japanese government also ramped up international marketing efforts, including promotional materials in English and direct engagement with Australian counterparts.
Experts view the deal as a strategic move by Canberra and a sign of growing trust in Japanese defense manufacturing. Analysts also point to the Mogami’s compatibility with U.S. and allied systems, low crew requirements, and capacity to carry advanced weapons systems as contributing factors.
Canberra has emphasized that the design meets critical criteria, including delivery timelines and long-term operational costs. The frigate is designed to operate with a crew of around 90, roughly half that of larger destroyers, while still fulfilling similar roles.
Final contract talks will also address sustainment and life-cycle support. Conroy noted that the Mogami proposal was the only option that met the Australian Navy’s schedule and cost requirements, particularly given its 40-year expected service life.
The partnership could also support future exports of the Mogami-class to other countries, including Indonesia, where Japan is currently seeking new defense clients.
While the full implications for Japan’s arms export policy remain to be seen, observers suggest this deal may open the door to further international cooperation as Japan continues expanding its defense industry footprint.